WASHINGTON (January 20, 2023) – Existing-home sales retreated for the eleventh consecutive month in December, according to the National Association of Realtors®. Three of the four major U.S. regions recorded month-over-month drops, while sales in the West were unchanged. All regions experienced year-over-year declines.
Total existing-home sales,1 https://www.nar.realtor/existing-home-sales – completed transactions that include single-family homes, townhomes, condominiums and co-ops – decreased 1.5{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from November to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 4.02 million in December. Year-over-year, sales sagged 34.0{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} (down from 6.09 million in December 2021).
“December was another difficult month for buyers, who continue to face limited inventory and high mortgage rates,” said NAR Chief Economist Lawrence Yun. “However, expect sales to pick up again soon since mortgage rates have markedly declined after peaking late last year.”
Total housing inventory2 registered at the end of December was 970,000 units, which was down 13.4{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from November but up 10.2{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from one year ago (880,000). Unsold inventory sits at a 2.9-month supply at the current sales pace, down from 3.3 months in November but up from 1.7 months in December 2021.
The median existing-home price3 for all housing types in December was $366,900, an increase of 2.3{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from December 2021 ($358,800), as prices rose in all regions. This marks 130 consecutive months of year-over-year increases, the longest-running streak on record.
“Home prices nationwide are still positive, though mildly,” Yun added. “Markets in roughly half of the country are likely to offer potential buyers discounted prices compared to last year.”
Properties typically remained on the market for 26 days in December, up from 24 days in November and 19 days in December 2021. Fifty-seven percent of homes sold in December 2022 were on the market for less than a month.
First-time buyers were responsible for 31{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} of sales in December, up from 28{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} in November and 30{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} in December 2021. NAR’s 2022 Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers – released in November 20224 – found that the annual share of first-time buyers was 26{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb}, the lowest since NAR began tracking the data.
All-cash sales accounted for 28{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} of transactions in December, up from 26{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} in November and 23{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} in December 2021.
“Cash buyers are unaffected by fluctuations in mortgage rates and were able to take advantage of lower prices in some areas,” Yun said.
Individual investors or second-home buyers, who make up many cash sales, purchased 16{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} of homes in December, up from 14{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} in November but down from 17{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} in December 2021.
Distressed sales5 – foreclosures and short sales – represented 1{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} of sales in December, virtually unchanged from last month and one year ago.
According to Freddie Mac, the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage averaged 6.15{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} as of January 19. That’s down from 6.33{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} last week, but up from 3.56{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} one year ago.
Single-family and Condo/Co-op Sales
Single-family home sales declined to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 3.60 million in December, down 1.1{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from 3.64 million in November and 33.5{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from the previous year. The median existing single-family home price was $372,700 in December, up 2.0{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from December 2021.
Existing condominium and co-op sales were recorded at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 420,000 units in December, down 4.5{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from November and 38.2{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from one year ago. The median existing condo price was $317,200 in December, an annual increase of 3.3{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb}.
“Realtors® helped millions of Americans achieve the dream of homeownership in the midst of a housing market that experienced some tough headwinds last year,” said NAR President Kenny Parcell, a Realtor® from Spanish Fork, Utah, and broker-owner of Equity Real Estate Utah. “In 2023, we’ll continue to work with legislators and real estate leaders at all levels to address inventory shortages and increase access to homeownership.”
Regional Breakdown
Existing-home sales in the Northeast slid 1.9{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from November to an annual rate of 520,000 in December, down 28.8{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from December 2021. The median price in the Northeast was $391,400, an increase of 1.6{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from the prior year.
Existing-home sales in the Midwest fell 1.0{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from the previous month to an annual rate of 1.01 million in December, falling 30.3{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from one year ago. The median price in the Midwest was $262,000, up 2.9{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from December 2021.
In the South, existing-home sales slipped 2.2{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} in December from November to an annual rate of 1.80 million, a 33.1{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} decrease from the previous year. The median price in the South was $337,900, an increase of 3.5{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from this time last year.
At an annual rate of 690,000, existing-home sales in the West were unchanged from November but down 43.4{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} from one year ago. The median price in the West was $557,900, an increase of $200, or less than a tenth of a percent from December 2021.
The National Association of Realtors® is America’s largest trade association, representing more than 1.5 million members involved in all aspects of the residential and commercial real estate industries. The term Realtor® is a registered collective membership mark that identifies a real estate professional who is a member of the National Association of Realtors® and subscribes to its strict Code of Ethics.
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For local information, please contact the local association of Realtors® for data from local multiple listing services (MLS). Local MLS data is the most accurate source of sales and price information in specific areas, although there may be differences in reporting methodology.
NOTE: NAR’s Pending Home Sales Index for December 2022 is scheduled for release on January 27, and Existing-Home Sales for January will be released on February 21. Release times are 10 a.m. Eastern.
1 Existing-home sales, which include single-family, townhomes, condominiums and co-ops, are based on transaction closings from Multiple Listing Services. Changes in sales trends outside of MLSs are not captured in the monthly series. NAR benchmarks home sales periodically using other sources to assess overall home sales trends, including sales not reported by MLSs.
Existing-home sales, based on closings, differ from the U.S. Census Bureau’s series on new single-family home sales, which are based on contracts or the acceptance of a deposit. Because of these differences, it is not uncommon for each series to move in different directions in the same month. In addition, existing-home sales, which account for more than 90{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} of total home sales, are based on a much larger data sample – about 40{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} of multiple listing service data each month – and typically are not subject to large prior-month revisions.
The annual rate for a particular month represents what the total number of actual sales for a year would be if the relative pace for that month were maintained for 12 consecutive months. Seasonally adjusted annual rates are used in reporting monthly data to factor out seasonal variations in resale activity. For example, home sales volume is normally higher in the summer than in the winter, primarily because of differences in the weather and family buying patterns. However, seasonal factors cannot compensate for abnormal weather patterns.
Single-family data collection began monthly in 1968, while condo data collection began quarterly in 1981; the series were combined in 1999 when monthly collection of condo data began. Prior to this period, single-family homes accounted for more than nine out of 10 purchases. Historic comparisons for total home sales prior to 1999 are based on monthly single-family sales, combined with the corresponding quarterly sales rate for condos.
2 Total inventory and month’s supply data are available back through 1999, while single-family inventory and month’s supply are available back to 1982 (prior to 1999, single-family sales accounted for more than 90{171d91e9a1d50446856093950b947460c67b1ae5766d3d173ffede4594e3fbfb} of transactions and condos were measured only on a quarterly basis).
3 The median price is where half sold for more and half sold for less; medians are more typical of market conditions than average prices, which are skewed higher by a relatively small share of upper-end transactions. The only valid comparisons for median prices are with the same period a year earlier due to seasonality in buying patterns. Month-to-month comparisons do not compensate for seasonal changes, especially for the timing of family buying patterns. Changes in the composition of sales can distort median price data. Year-ago median and mean prices sometimes are revised in an automated process if additional data is received.
The national median condo/co-op price often is higher than the median single-family home price because condos are concentrated in higher-cost housing markets. However, in a given area, single-family homes typically sell for more than condos as seen in NAR’s quarterly metro area price reports.
4 Survey results represent owner-occupants and differ from separately reported monthly findings from NAR’s Realtors® Confidence Index, which include all types of buyers. The annual study only represents primary residence purchases, and does not include investor and vacation home buyers. Results include both new and existing homes.
5 Distressed sales (foreclosures and short sales), days on market, first-time buyers, all-cash transactions and investors are from a monthly survey for the NAR’s Realtors® Confidence Index, posted at nar.realtor.
